#Macos versions by year mac os
The classic Mac OS was originally written for the Motorola 68k architecture.
#Macos versions by year mac os x
Carbon, an API introduced with Mac OS 8, works as the transitional API for classic Mac OS and Mac OS X applications. The final minor updates were designed to ease the transition to OS X. Mac OS would continue to be developed until the introduction of Mac OS X, after which Apple only delivered minor updates to the classic Mac OS. In 1997, Apple rebranded the Macintosh System Software to Mac OS.
Only one application at a time could be supported under System Software until version 5 when MultiFinder was introduced. It uses a monolithic architecture but lacks support for memory management, protected memory, access controls, and conflict-free extensions. The original Macintosh System Software is based on the Lisa OS and UI concepts from Xerox PARC. In 2020, Apple began another transition, this time from x86 to the ARM-based Apple silicon. Since then, the system went through several architecture transitions, first from PowerPC to Intel x86 in 2006. The classic Mac OS was eventually succeeded by Mac OS X in 2001 with the release of Mac OS X Cheetah. The Unix core of NeXTSTEP was renamed to Darwin, released as open source and in the following years, it was modernized partially by using code from FreeBSD and other projects. As a part of the deal, Apple gained NeXT's object-oriented operating system called NeXTSTEP based on Unix. Apple eventually saw the solution in buying out NeXT in 1997, the company founded by Steve Jobs after he was ousted from Apple. During Apple's transition from Motorola 68k series to the PowerPC architecture, Mac OS was also ported to the new platform by using emulation, until a new, native OS was developed as a part of the Copland project.Īfter the failure of Copland, however, Apple was forced to further maintain the original Mac OS codebase, which no longer satisfied the ever-increasing performance and stability requirements. In its early versions, it only supported running a single application at a time, although it was later extended with cooperative multitasking support via MultiFinder. The system from the very beginning made use of a graphical interface, similar to the one used by the earlier Lisa. It was first introduced together with the original Macintosh in 1984.
MacOS is a series of operating systems developed by Apple for their Macintosh platform. Proprietary (with open-source components)
Closed source (with open source components)
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